DIN 57472-507-1983 电缆、导线和软线的试验.衰减因数(VDE规范)

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下一篇: DIN 57472-506-1983 电缆、导线和软线的试验.电容非平衡性(VDE规范)

【英文标准名称】:StandardTestMethodsforDeterminingtheBiobasedContentofSolid,Liquid,andGaseousSamplesUsingRadiocarbonAnalysis
【原文标准名称】:放射性碳分析法测定固体、液体和气体样品中的生物基成分的标准试验方法
【标准号】:ASTMD6866-2010
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:美国
【发布日期】:2010
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(US-ASTM)
【起草单位】:D20.96
【标准类型】:(TestMethod)
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:
【英文主题词】:acceleratormassspectrometry;biobased;14C(carbon-14);carbondating;isotoperatiomassspectrometry;liquidscintillationcounting;newcarbon;oldcarbon;Biobasedcontent(ofmaterials/products);Carboncontent--plasticmaterials;
【摘要】:Presidential(Executive)Orders13101,13123,13134,PublicLaws(106-224),AGACT2003andotherLegislativeActionsallrequireFederalAgenciestodevelopprocedurestoidentify,encourageandproduceproductsderivedfrombiobased,renewable,sustainableandlowenvironmentalimpactresourcessoastopromotetheMarketDevelopmentInfrastructurenecessarytoinducegreateruseofsuchresourcesincommercial,nonfood,products.Section1501oftheEnergyPolicyActof2005(PublicLaw109x2013;58)andEPA40CFRPart80(RegulationofFuelsandFuelAdditives:RenewableFuelStandardRequirementsfor2006)requirepetroleumdistributorstoaddrenewableethanoltodomesticallysoldgasolinetopromotethenation''sgrowingrenewableeconomy,withrequirementstoidentifyandtraceorigin.MethodAutilizesLiquidScintillationCounting(LSC)radiocarbon(14C)techniquestoquantifythebiobasedcontentofagivenproductwithmaximumtotalerrorof15%count,whichisassociatedwithsamplepreparationandactualcounting.ThistestmethodisbasedonLSCanalysisofCO2cocktailsaftercollectingtheCO2inasuitableabsorbingsolution.MethodButilizesAcceleratorMassSpectrometry(AMS)andIsotopeRatioMassSpectrometry(IRMS)techniquestoquantifythebiobasedcontentofagivenproductwithpossibleuncertaintiesof1to2%and0.1to0.5%,respectively.SamplepreparationmethodsareidenticaltoMethodA,8.2x2013;8.5.MethodBdivergesafter8.5andratherthanLSCanalysisthesampleCO2remainswithinthevacuummanifoldandisdistilled,quantifiedinacalibratedvolume,transferredtoaquartztube,torchsealed.Detailsaregivenin12.7-12.10.ThestoredCO2isthendeliveredtoanAMSfacilityforfinalprocessingandanalysis.MethodCusesLSCtechniquestoquantifythebiobasedcontentofaproduct.However,whereasMethodAusesLSCanalysisofCO2cocktails,MethodCusesLSCanalysisofsamplecarbonthathasbeenconvertedtobenzene.Thistestmethoddeterminesthebiobasedcontentofasamplewithamaximumtotalerrorofx00B1;3%(absolute).AlthoughMethodsAandCarelesssensitivethanthatofusingAMS/IRMS,theyhavetwodistinctadvantages:(1)lowercostsperevaluation,and(2)muchhigherinstrumentavailabilityworldwide.Indeed,LSCisthemostwidelyusedmeasurementfor14Cdetermination.MethodBiscommonlyusedwhentheauthenticityoftheLSCradiocarbonresultsareindispute,whensamplesizeisgreatlyrestrictedorcostlypermassofsample,orwhenthecarboncontentofthesampleislessthan10%byweight.Thetestmethodsdescribedheredirectlydiscriminatebetweenproductcarbonresultingfromcontemporarycarboninputandthatderivedfromfossil-basedinput.Ameasurementofaproductx2019;s14C/12Ccontentisdeterminedrelativetothemoderncarbon-basedoxalicacidradiocarbonStandardReferenceMaterial(SRM)4990c,(referredtoasHOxII).ItiscompositionallyrelateddirectlytotheoriginaloxalicacidradiocarbonstandardSRM4990b(referredtoasHOxI),andisdenotedintermsoffM,thatis,thesamplex2019;sfractionofmoderncarbon.(SeeTerminology,Section3.)Referencestandards,availabletoalllaboratoriespracticingthesetestmethods,mustbeusedproperlyinorderthattraceabilitytotheprimarycarbonisotopestandardsareestablished,andthatstateduncertaintiesarevalid.TheprimarystandardsareSRM4990c(oxalicacid)for14CandRM8544(NBS19calcite)for13C.Thesematerialsareavailablefordistribution...........
【中国标准分类号】:G04
【国际标准分类号】:71_040_50
【页数】:15P.;A4
【正文语种】:英语


【英文标准名称】:StandardTestMethodforViscosityDeterminationofAsphaltatElevatedTemperaturesUsingaRotationalViscometer
【原文标准名称】:利用旋转粘度计测定高温沥青粘度的标准试验方法
【标准号】:ASTMD4402-2002
【标准状态】:作废
【国别】:美国
【发布日期】:2002
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(ASTM)
【起草单位】:ASTM
【标准类型】:()
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:
【英文主题词】:Asphalts;Bitumens;Bituminousproducts;Construction;Constructionmaterials;Determination;Roofcoverings;Roofingfelts;Roofs;Testequipment;Testing;Viscosity;Waterproofingmaterials
【摘要】:
【中国标准分类号】:E43
【国际标准分类号】:91_100_50;93_080_20
【页数】:3P;A4
【正文语种】:英语